There has been a problem of unidentified human remains which are abundant throughout the country. Currently, about 400 unidentified human remains were reserved by Central Institute of Forensic Science from their funeral processions. The institute has collected their personal data and skeletons were stored systematically based on international standard system. This was the first time in Thailand to set up a system to keep remain bodies and did not allow them to be cremated until enabling to track the relations based on the personal identification prove. This will keep the samples for DNA analysis and setting up the DNA database of the missing person in order to track them in the future. However, the obstacle to extract DNA from bone samples may have been exposed to environmental factors for long time such as soil conditions, humidity heat, microorganism which can effect on DNA quality and quantity.
The study showed the comparison of 2 methods of DNA extraction, Phenol-Chloroform and DNA IQTM System. The comparison based on 3 dimensions which measure the quantity of DNA, the presense of inhibitors from both methods and the quality of DNA which amplified by the microsatellite multiplex 16 loci : D3S1358, vWA, FGA, D8S1179, D21S11, D18S51, D5S818, D13S317, D7S820, Penta E, THO1, TPOX, CSF1PO, D16S539, Penta D and Amelogenin
Results showed DNA quantification that DNA IQTM System extracted on average 0.02245 ng/µl and DNA quantification that Phenol-Chloroform kit extracted on average 0.0406 ng/µl Inhibition tests showed that DNA IQTM System extracts showed only minor levels of inhibition in DNA isolated when amplified with PP16 and analyzed STR profile. DNA IQTM System did not show better results than Phenol-Chloroform system but its benefit was less time and labor needed and the method was less complicated, including without using hazardous chemical such as phenol that was toxicity.